Online and blended learning have become increasingly significant because they reshape not only where learning happens, but how it fits into people’s real lives. As education expands beyond traditional classrooms, these models offer opportunities for learners who might otherwise be excluded due to work schedules, family responsibilities, geographic location, or health-related constraints. One of the most meaningful advantages of online and blended learning is flexibility. Learners are often able to engage with content at their own pace, revisit materials as needed, and access instruction in multiple formats such as videos, readings, audio, and interactive activities. This flexibility can support deeper understanding and autonomy, especially for adult learners. When designed intentionally, online and blended courses also tend to be more structured, with clearly defined learning outcomes, aligned activities, and purposeful assessments. However, these models are not without challenges. Onl...